Thursday, 10 April 2014

Reflections: Gardening Myths and Misconceptions

Gardening Myths and Misconceptions, by Charles Dowding

The following is not so much a book review as some reflections from reading this book. I recommend you visit Helen over at Patient Gardener, who has written a very insightful review of this book. It is what encouraged me to purchase this book in the first place.

What I wanted to do instead, was pick out a few things from the book that I found particularly useful to me, and explain why I think this book is a 'must read' for every gardener.

When I first became interested in gardening, I will admit that I did take 'expert' opinions to heart. Whether it was advice from Gardeners World TV show or magazine, or from other gardeners on my allotment site, I assumed that they all knew better than me. So when I was told to space my seed sowings to the 'correct' centimetre, or that I really must use bordeaux mixture to prevent mildew on my tomatoes, I did follow the 'rules' and their advice. But when several of 'the old guys' tried to convince me that double-digging was the only way to go, thankfully I took a step back and questioned this.

I admit I questioned it at first because it sounded like a lot of damn hard work, and well, ouch, my back. But then I decided to do a bit of research and found that not only was double-digging going out of fashion(!), but that it might do more damage to the soil than other methods.

The reason why I think this is a must-read for every gardener, whether you are a beginner or have been gardening for 40 years, is because it's a reminder to us all that no-one has all the answers. Questioning what you hear on TV or down at the allotment, or what you read in books and online, is the key learning point from this book. Charles urges us to have the courage to question.

So when you are told, as I was, that you should thin your carrot and parsnip seedlings, well fine if you want to, but don't throw the extras away, plant them elsewhere. I've been doing this for a few years, first out of curiosity to see what would happen, and then deliberately as I found, contrary to most advice, that the carrots and parsnips grew just as well in this manner. To my great delight, Charles mentions this very point in his book, page 24.

You know how you've been told that watering in sunlight damages the leaves of plants... Not true. That manure can make the soil acidic? Also not true. That potatoes clean the soil - only partly true - much of the work you have already done has cleaned the soil, not the potatoes.

Perhaps the most interesting learning point for me is that it is often untrue that you need to strictly rotate your crops, particularly in a small garden. I have spent a lot of time learning about crop rotations (yes, reading and listening to 'experts'), and I was very careful with the design of my Sheffield kitchen garden to include 4-year crop rotations in the plans. Charles suggests we can be more relaxed about the 'rules' of vegetable rotations and that you should grow what you like. As he says, in small gardens vegetable families are planted quite closely together anyway, and disease could potentially meet at the edges, "although they often don't".

This is something I had been thinking about when planning my beds and rotations. My kitchen garden and the beds cover a small space, c. 5m x 5m. Charles is right, the different vegetable families will be growing close together; I could throw my crop rotations onto the compost heap. However, it doesn't hurt to use crop rotations, if you are so inclined, and I am. I'm also a bit of a nerd when it comes to things like planning crop rotations and I actually enjoy putting them together (in an Excel spreadsheet, of course), like a puzzle that needs solving. It was a revelation though, to realise I didn't have to be quite so exacting.

But bloody hell, I wish I questioned the myth about cleaning (to sterilise) all your pots years ago. You don't need to, see page 22*. I'm too frightened to think of how much time and water I wasted on one of the crappiest jobs in the garden. I'm not going to do it anymore. Let's move on.

This book does talk about myths predominantly in relation to vegetable growing. However, many of the topics, sowing and planting, watering, manuring and fertilising, making and using compost, and soil structure and care, are just as relevant to ornamental growing. Perhaps one of the best things about the book is that the myths it busts will also relieve vegetable and ornamental gardeners alike, of many unnecessary and boring tasks, giving us more time to do the things we like to to, like planting and harvesting crops.

My only 'niggles' about the book is the font size - why is it so small?! Yes, I was using my glasses... And although the leafy page numbers are pretty, they are also hard to read. So if the book is revised or republished in future, I hope the publishers will increase the font size and make it easier to read.

It's my view that one of the great things about gardening is that there is always something new to learn, and that I'll end my life still needing to learn more. Gardening Myths and Misconceptions is a 'must read'. It might be a small book, but it has a lot of big, and sometimes challenging, ideas. It prompts you to really think about why you do things the way you do in the garden or on the allotment. It will lead to lots of questioning, probably some experimenting, and plenty of trial and error. It will also help you become a better gardener.



*ok, I'll tell you - it is unlikely that any diseases young plant might get will have anything to do with the materials (pots) you use. It's more likely to come from other factors, such as damping off, or to much watering. See page 22 for full explanation.

Monday, 31 March 2014

End of month view: March 2014

March has been a month full of quiet growth in the garden. Not much in the way of drama, just a gentle unfolding of new buds, leaves and early Spring flowers.

Overview of the garden, including new mini-greenhouse

Flowering and in leaf now appears to be quite a few blue-purple flowers...

An unnamed variety of Pulmonaria 

 I love the pink-purple tinge in the broad bean flowers (Imperial Green Longpod)


 The 'back' of the Pulsatilla vulgaris is as pretty as the front

The tiny, fragrant Narcissus Minnow

A rather early flowering of Lavandula stoechas 'Fathead' (it's supposed to flower in Summer)

The cornus border

Early March I pruned back the Cornus shrubs to encourage lots of new colourful stems in anticipation of next winter. I've taken cuttings from the pruned stems in the hope that I might generate some new, free plants. I've not done this before and I'm not making a massive effort, I admit. I've just stuck some 'sticks' in the sides of part of the veg borders, am keeping them watered and hoping for the best. I want to focus my limited energy more on the vegetable & fruit growing, so any new Cornus shrubs I get will be a bonus.


I've added some further planting to what I'm now calling the Damson border, including Pulmonaria, Primula vulgaris and Alchemilla mollis. In early to mid Spring this part of the garden is in light shade, so planting 'woodland' plants is relevant. In between May & August it gets several hours of direct sun, so I've also added Helenium 'Sahin's Early Flowerer' for colour during the warmer months.

I've also placed my little Pukeko into this border, that I picked up in New Zealand several years ago. No worries - it isn't pining for home - it's ceramic, not real!

Although the Damson tree looks dead in this picture, it's actually got lots of healthy buds on it and I expect by next month it will look more lively.


The shadier end of the Long Shady Border. Lots of bluebell leaves have come up.

Thanks to my wonderful and ever-helpful partner Kevin, I now have training wire for all plants that need it, including the Morello Cherry above, which is also now budding.

He has also put up my steel artwork of gum leaves and gum nuts that I picked up in Australia during my visit in the (Oz) summer of 2012-13. This is now tied to the pergola, which you might just make out in the top picture of this blogpost. I am growing clematis up each side of the middle and right side of the pergola supports, with the aim that eventually they will reach and intermingle with the artwork. On the right side will be Clematis alpina 'Pamela Jackman', and on the left, when I've purchased it(!) will be a fragrant Clematis armandii.

I've also planted the grape vine that was on my to do list at the end of last month. This will grow up the left side of the pergola. My pergola isn't that big, so it's possible 3 different climbers will be too much for it. But let's see what happens.

Carrot (left) and parsnip (right) seedlings

In the kitchen garden the broad beans are flowering their socks off, and my first carrot and parsnip seedlings have poked their heads up. I'm rather chuffed about the latter as I was told not to sow carrots & parsnips until May in Sheffield. But the person giving the advice did have her allotment on an exposed hill, whereas I'm in a slightly more sheltered space. I also have been protecting mine with horticultural fleece at night and on the colder days. It shows you, once again, how important micro-climates can be in the garden.

Herb border (front) and strawberry border (right, next to house)

My herb border is coming to life and I'm very pleased to see I have new shoots of my French Tarragon coming up. Everything I planted last summer seems to have survived. I need to add some low growing plants to sit under the obelisk. I have some Cyclamen hederifolium and Cyclamen pseudibericum seeds I got from the Hardy Plant Society and I'm going to see if I can get them to take. If so, they will go here.

The strawberry plants are sending up new green leaves, although I sadly don't yet have flowers as Jono tweeted his did, the other day! This border also has Erythronium Pagoda, which I hoped would be flowering now, but it is just holding out on me! What's the bet it's been and gone by the end of April...

I have also tempted fate by starting to put outside my Lemon & Lime trees. During the cooler months they stay in the conservatory, and during the warmer months just outside. So if we get a cooler night (which I count as 5 degrees or less for the purposes of these two trees), I can easily bring them back inside again.

View of the garden from the driveway

View from conservatory

I picked up a new mini-greenhouse at the beginning of the month and it is now starting to fill up with a mix of hardy perennials and vegetables sown in modules/small pots. Some of the veg, at least, I hope shall be planted out during April, unless we suddenly get a cold spell. That's not going to happen, right?!

March hasn't been an explosion of growth and colour in my garden, rather a gentle welcome to Spring. I suspect by the end of April the garden will look dramatically more green and floriferous.

* * * * *
End of month view is hosted by Helen Johnstone, aka @patientgardener. Visit Helen's blog for her March 2014 EOMV and links to other bloggers EOMV posts.


Monday, 24 March 2014

Budding promise

Spring is full of promises of things to come. In the garden now, lots of plants are budding; here are a few of them.

I love the marbling on the leaves of Erythronium Pagoda, and the flower itself will soon to flower. I wonder if the flower bud will open up in time for End of Month View?


The budding leaves on my two Acers have really taken off in the last few days...



And I am still enjoying the colour of the stems of the coral bark maple, as well as the new buds, which nicely match the stems:


The first flower has come out on my denticulata primula, with the promise of plenty of buds/flowers to come.


The leaves are unfurling on this clematis. I planted it last autumn and so far it hasn't received any direct sunlight (it gets some sun April to September), yet it clearly eager to get growing.


At the front of the house is my Quince, enjoying the west-facing light much of the day. 


And in the kitchen garden, there is also the promise of future food:

Broad Bean 'Imperial Green Longpod'

What are some of the budding promises in your garden?

Saturday, 22 March 2014

Attractive and functional plant supports

On my recent visit to RHS Harlow Carr, as well as some beautiful alpines and winter flower plantings, they also had a wonderful selection of plant supports in their kitchen garden. Here is a few that I loved for being both attractive and functional.

The first is a functional and in my view, not unattractive Asparagus plant support. As anyone who grows asparagus knows, once the cropping part of the season has completed, asparagus then grows into massive ferns. Unless you are growing your asparagus in a very sheltered place, the ferns need some form of staking to stop wind rock and support the large fronds.


Usually you don't think about staking your asparagus until after the ferns are large and unwieldy, so I love this practical way of planing for the need for support at the start of the season. The support is tall enough that it is still easy to crop the young asparagus, and strong enough to withstand autumn winds that can knock your asparagus ferns to sometimes horizontal positions.

The next support takes advantage of the bed layout and increases the space upon which climbing beans can spread. It looks attractive at the beginning of the season, giving height and interest to what can otherwise be a flat space. And it also makes picking the beans fairly easy once they are cropping, as you can step in very close to the support to get those beans that are hiding away. I could imagine on a hot summers day they would be a nice canopy for a gardener to rest under in between weeding and other tasks.

 


I imagine the following plant support could be used for a variety of crops. At it's lower end, it gives a bit of protection from winds and could create a micro-climate on the inside that protects young plants. As the support grows, taller plants, such as tomatoes, could be tied in, allowing air to flow around them and also making it easy to collect crops. It could also be useful for the taller brassicas, which often need support later in the season in order to stop wind rock. And when nothing is growing on it, it looks pretty.


A slight twist on the more traditional way of growing taller peas is next. I could imagine Harlow Carr has to do a lot of pruning of trees and shrubs throughout the year, and it makes sense to take advtantage those off-cuts in the kitchen garden. The 'shrubby' nature of the support gives plenty of space and support for peas as they spread.


Finally, I adore this 'fencing' and arch, that again takes advantage of the branches of prunned trees. It is a work of art in its own right, and as plants grow up it and spread, it will both create a wind break and give support.


I plan to return to Harlow Carr in Summer and look forward to seeing these plant supports covered in leaves, flowers and crops. But in the meantime, I think they are an attractive addition to the kitchen garden, bringing form and function together with verve, and a bit of fun.